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Visible Learning™
Visible Learning MetaX™
Version 1.4 – Updated February 2026

Technology with learning needs students

Overview

  • Influence: Technology with learning needs students
  • Domain: Technology, School, and Out-of-School Strategies
  • Sub-Domain: ICT with special groups
  • Potential to Accelerate Student Achievement: Potential to accelerate
  • Influence Definition: The use of various computer technologies in the teaching of students with particular learning needs. These are different from common assistive technologies used for communication with students.

Evidence

  • Number of meta-analyses: 5
  • Number of studies: 102
  • Number of students: 7,989
  • Number of effects: 129
  • Weighted mean effect size: 0.44
  • Robustness index: 3

Meta-Analyses

Meta-Analyses
Journal Title Author Article Name Year Published Variable Number of Studies Number of Students Number of Effects Effect Size
Journal of Special Education Schmidt, Weinstein, Niemic, & Walberg Computer-Assisted Instruction with Exceptional Children 1985 ICT with exceptional children 18 NA 48 0.67
Computers and Education Seo & Bryant Analysis of studies of the effects of computer-assisted instruction on the mathematics performance of students with learning disabilities 2009 ICT with learning disabled 11 NA 8 0.38
Dissertation McDermid A quantitative analysis of the literature on computer-assisted instruction with the learning-disabled and educable mentally retarded 1989 ICT on learning disabled and educable mentally retarded 15 NA 15 0.57
Dissertation Ianno A Meta-Analysis of Research on the Effects of Computer-Assisted Instruction on Reading Achievement of Learning-Disabled Students 1995 ICT on reading of learning disabled 23 NA 23 0.31
Frontiers in Psychology Ni, Cheung, & Shi Effects of educational technology on reading achievement for Chinese K-12 English second language learners: A meta-analysis. 2022 Technology on ESL learners 35 7,989 35 0.37
TOTAL/AVERAGE 102 7,989 129 0.46
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