Student control over learning
Overview
- Influence: Student control over learning
- Domain: Student Learning Strategies
- Sub-Domain: Student-focused interventions
- Potential to Accelerate Student Achievement: Likely to have a small positive impact
- Influence Definition: Involves students taking responsibility for their own instruction (often via computer-based learning), their pace of learning, how much time they spend on learning each step, and control over where to go next in their learning.
Evidence
- Number of meta-analyses: 6
- Number of studies: 226
- Number of students: 10,007
- Number of effects: 383
- Effect size: 0.02
Meta-Analyses
| Journal Title | Author | First Author's Country | Article Name | Year Published | Variable | Number of Studies | Number of Students | Number of Effects | Effect Size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Journal of Educational Computing Research | Niemiec, Sikorski, & Walberg | USA | Learner-control effects: a review of reviews and a meta-analysis | 1996 | Student control over learning in ICT | 24 | 0 | 24 | -0.03 |
| Psychological Bulletin | Patall, Cooper, & Robinson | USA | The effects of choice on intrinsic motivation and related outcomes: a meta-analysis of research findings | 2008 | Control over learning on subsequent control | 41 | 0 | 14 | 0.10 |
| Review of Educational Research | Karich, Burns, & Maki | USA | Updated meta-analysis of learner control within educational technology | 2014 | Control over learning in ICT | 18 | 3,618 | 29 | 0.05 |
| Human factors | Carolan, Hutchins, & Wickens | Costs and benefits of more learner freedom: Meta-analyses of exploratory and learner control training methods. | 2014 | Control over learning | 40 | 0 | 144 | 0.02 | |
| Unpublished Thesis | Parsons | USA | A meta-analysis of learner control in computer-based learning environments. | 1992 | Control over learning in ICT | 41 | 4,375 | 94 | -0.04 |
| Journal of Business & Psychology | Landers & Reddock | USA | A meta-analytic investigation of objective learner control in web-based instruction. | 2017 | Control over learning in ICT | 62 | 2,014 | 78 | 0.02 |
| TOTAL/AVERAGE | 226 | 10,007 | 383 | 0.02 | |||||
Confidence
The Confidence is the average of these four measures, each divided into five approximately equal groups and assigned a value from 1 to 5 based on the following criteria:
-
Number of Meta-analyses
- 1 = 1
- 2 = 2–3
- 3 = 4–6
- 4 = 7–9
- 5 = 10+
-
Number of Studies
- 1 = 1–10
- 2 = 11–50
- 3 = 51–200
- 4 = 201–400
- 5 = 400+
-
Number of Students
- 1 = 1–2,500
- 2 = 2,501–10,000
- 3 = 10,000–20,000
- 4 = 20,000–100,000
- 5 = 100,001+
-
Number of Effects
- 1 = 1–100
- 2 = 101–300
- 3 = 301–600
- 4 = 601–1,200
- 5 = 1,200+
| Number of Meta-Analyses | Number of Studies | Number of Students | Number of Effects | Overall Confidence | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Confidence Factor | 3 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 3 |