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Visible Learning™
Visible Learning MetaX
Version 1.4 – Updated February 2026

Strategy to integrate with prior knowledge

Overview

  • Influence: Strategy to integrate with prior knowledge
  • Domain: Student Learning Strategies
  • Sub-Domain: Learning strategies
  • Potential to Accelerate Student Achievement: Potential to considerably accelerate
  • Influence Definition: The argument is that readers who establish more connections between a text with new information and their prior knowledge produce stronger situation models, or cognitive maps of a given state of affairs. This situation model, in turn, is aimed to improve comprehension and recall through schemas.

Evidence

  • Number of meta-analyses: 1
  • Number of studies: 10
  • Number of students: NA
  • Number of effects: 12
  • Weighted mean effect size: 0.93
  • Robustness index: 1

Meta-Analyses

Meta-Analyses
Journal Title Author Article Name Year Published Variable Number of Studies Number of Students Number of Effects Effect Size
Asia Pacific Education Review Kim, Kim, Lee, Park, Hong, & Kim Effects of cognitive learning strategies for Korean learners: A meta-analysis 2008 Strategy to integrate with prior knowledge 10 NA 12 0.93
TOTAL/AVERAGE 10 NA 12 0.93
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