Self-verbalization / self questioning

Overview

Influence: Self-verbalization / self questioning
Domain: Student Learning Strategies
Sub-Domain: Meta-cognitive/self-regulated learning
Potential to Accelerate Student Achievement: Potential to accelerate
Influence Definition: Self-verbalization (talking to oneself about a difficult intellectual task) and self-questioning (interrogating oneself about the information one encounters) are both cognitive tools. Programs involve students to ask themselves different types of questions while reading (higher-order questions about meaning; self-monitoring questions about the reading process; or questions about relevant prior knowledge).

Meta-Analyses
Journal Title	Author	First Author's Country	Article Name	Year Published	Variable	Number of Studies	Number of Students	Number of Effects	Effect Size
Dissertation	Rock	USA	Factors Associated with Decline of Test Scores of High School Seniors, 1972 to 1980. A Study of Excellence in High School Education	1985	Special Ed self-instructional training	47	1,398	684	0.51
Dissertation	Duzinski	USA	The educational utility of cognitive behavior modification strategies with children: a quantitative synthesis	1987	Self-verbalizing instruction training	45	0	377	0.84
Dissertation	Huang	USA	A meta-analysis of student self-questioning strategies.	1991	Student self-questioning	21	1,700	89	0.58
Dissertation	Lavery	New Zealand	Self-regulated learning for academic success: An evaluation of instructional techniques	2008	Self verbalizing the steps in a problem	124	0	124	0.62
Book	Marzano, Gaddy, & Dean	USA	What Works in Classroom Instruction	2000	Process specification & monitoring	15	0	15	0.30
Book	Marzano, Gaddy, & Dean	USA	What Works in Classroom Instruction	2000	Dispositional monitoring	15	0	15	0.30
Nature: Science of Learning	Hattie & Donoghue	Australia	Learning strategies: A synthesis and conceptual model	2016	Self-verbalizing and self questioning	93	804	93	0.54
TOTAL/AVERAGE						360	3,902	1,397	0.53