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Version 1.3 – Updated November 2024

Productive failure (errors)

Overview

  • Influence: Productive failure (errors)
  • Domain: Teaching Strategies
  • Sub-Domain: Feedback
  • Potential to Accelerate Student Achievement: Potential to accelerate
  • Influence Definition: Productive Failure is a learning design to design conditions for learners to persist in generating and exploring representations and solution methods for solving complex, novel problems. Typically involves failure and errors which are then core to the teaching.

Evidence

  • Number of meta-analyses: 3
  • Number of studies: 89
  • Number of students: 2,183
  • Number of effects: 213
  • Weighted mean effect size: 0.39
  • Robustness index: 2

Meta-Analyses

Meta-Analyses
Journal Title Author First Author's Country Article Name Year Published Variable Number of Studies Number of Students Number of Effects Effect Size
Journal of Applied Psychology Keith & Frese Germany Effectiveness of error management training: a meta-analysis. 2008 Productive failure 24 2,183 24 0.44
Review of Educational Research Sinha & Kapur Switzerland When Problem Solving Followed by Instruction Works: Evidence for Productive Failure. 2021 Problem solving then instruction 53 0 166 0.36
Educational Technology Research and Development Darabi, Arrington, & Sayilir USA Learning from failure: A meta-analysis of the empirical studies 2018 Productive failure 12 0 23 0.43
TOTAL/AVERAGE 89 2,183 213 0.41
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