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Visible Learning™
Visible Learning MetaX™
Version 1.3 – Updated November 2024

Parental autonomy support

Overview

  • Influence: Parental autonomy support
  • Domain: Home
  • Sub-Domain: Home environment
  • Potential to Accelerate Student Achievement: Likely to have positive impact
  • Influence Definition: The promotion of independence or self-endorsed behavior by parents. Parental autonomy support takes many forms. In one form, the "promotion of independent functioning," parents encourage their children to rely on themselves and make their own decisions, often in line with parental values.

Evidence

  • Number of meta-analyses: 6
  • Number of studies: 267
  • Number of students: 215,610
  • Number of effects: 984
  • Weighted mean effect size: 0.21
  • Robustness index: 4

Meta-Analyses

Meta-Analyses
Journal Title Author First Author's Country Article Name Year Published Variable Number of Studies Number of Students Number of Effects Effect Size
Educational Psychology Review Vasquez, Patall, Fong, Corrigan, & Pine USA Parent autonomy support, academic achievement, and psychosocial functioning: A meta-analysis of research 2015 Parent autonomy support 36 0 29 0.22
Dissertation Cor Canada Clarifying the relationship between autonomy support, motivation, performance, and educational outcomes 2008 Parent autonomy support 14 1,998 14 0.11
Developmental Psychology Pinquart USA Associations of parenting dimensions and styles with externalizing problems of children and adolescents: an updated meta-analysis 2017 Authoritative parenting 55 0 51 0.30
Developmental Psychology Pinquart USA Associations of parenting dimensions and styles with externalizing problems of children and adolescents: an updated meta-analysis 2017 Permissive parenting 39 0 28 0.02
Psychological development and education Xie, Zifi, Lin, & Luo China A meta-analysis of the relationships between Chinese parenting styles and children's academic achievement. 2022 Emotional warmth and understanding parenting 54 0 793 0.00
Contemporary Educational Psychology Mammadov & Schroeder USA A Meta-Analytic Review of the Relationships Between Autonomy Support and Positive Learning Outcomes.  2023 Parent autonomy support 69 213,612 69 0.41
TOTAL/AVERAGE 267 215,610 984 0.18
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