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Visible Learning™
Visible Learning MetaX
Version 1.4 – Updated February 2026

Motivation programs

Overview

  • Influence: Motivation programs
  • Domain: Curricula
  • Sub-Domain: Other curricula programs
  • Potential to Accelerate Student Achievement: Potential to accelerate
  • Influence Definition: Motivation programs seek to inculcate motivation in students to focus on school learning.

Evidence

  • Number of meta-analyses: 2
  • Number of studies: 59
  • Number of students: 35,355
  • Number of effects: 78
  • Weighted mean effect size: 0.45
  • Robustness index: 2

Meta-Analyses

Meta-Analyses
Journal Title Author Article Name Year Published Variable Number of Studies Number of Students Number of Effects Effect Size
Review of Educational Research Lazowski & Hulleman Motivation interventions in education: A meta-analytic review 2016 Motivation programs on achievement 42 31,635 61 0.52
Journal of Cognitive and Behavioral Psychotherapies Wagner & Szamoskozi Effects of Direct Academic Motivation-Enhancing Intervention Programs: A Meta-Analysis 2012 Motivation programs on achievement 17 3,720 17 0.29
TOTAL/AVERAGE 59 35,355 78 0.41
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