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Version 1.1 – Updated August 2021

Flipped classrooms

Overview

  • Influence: Flipped classrooms
  • Domain: Teaching Strategies
  • Sub-Domain: Instructional strategies
  • Potential to Accelerate Student Achievement: Potential to accelerate
  • Influence Definition: An educational technique in which traditional classroom activities (such as lecture) are held at home or before the class, often via pre-recorded video or audio presentations, which prepares the students for more interactive, discovery, questioning, and engagement in active learning activities in the classroom itself.

Evidence

  • Number of meta-analyses: 28
  • Number of studies: 1,500
  • Number of students: 97,099
  • Number of effects: 2,294
  • Effect size: 0.57

Meta-Analyses

Meta-Analyses
Journal Title Author First Author's Country Article Name Year Published Variable Number of Studies Number of Students Number of Effects Effect Size
Chinese Nursing Research Tan, Yue, & Fu China Effectiveness of flipped classrooms in nursing education: Systematic review and meta-analysis. 2017 Flipped classroom in nursing 29 3,694 29 1.13
BMC Medical education Hew & Lo Hong Kong Flipped classroom improves student learning in health professions education: a meta-analysis 2018 Flipped in health professions 28 2,295 28 0.33
The Society of Digital Policy and Management Kang & Shin Korea The effect of flipped learning in Korea: Meta-analysis. 2016 Flipped classrooms 36 0 288 0.54
H.U Journal of Education Karagol & Esen Turkey The Effect of Flipped Learning Approach on Academic Achievement: A Meta-Analysis Study 2018 Flipped classrooms 55 0 80 0.57
Medical Education Chen, Monrouxe, Lu, Jenq, Chang, Chang, & Chai Taiwan Academic outcomes of flipped classroom learning: a meta-analysis 2018 Flipped classrooms 46 9,026 46 0.54
Ming-Ying China A Meta-analysis on Learning Achievement of Flipped Classroom 2017 Flipped classrooms 33 0 33 0.37
Cukurova Universitesi Egitim Fakultesi Dergisi Orhan Turkey The effect of flipped learning on students' academic achievement: A meta-anlaysis study 2019 Flipped classrooms 13 0 13 0.74
Journal of Digital Convergence Cho & Lee Korea A meta analysis on effects of flipped learning in Korea 2018 Flipped classrooms 95 0 95 0.54
Masters thesis Lo, Hew & Chen Hong Kong Toward a set of design principles for mathematics flipped classrooms: A synthesis of research in mathematics education 2017 Flipped classrooms 21 0 21 0.30
Education Sciences Jang & Kim Korea A Meta-Analysis of the Cognitive, Affective, and Interpersonal Outcomes of Flipped Classrooms in Higher Education 2020 Flipped classrooms 43 0 153 0.24
Unpublished manuscript Wagner, Gegenfurtner, & Urhahne Germany Effectiveness of the flipped classroom on student achievement in secondary education: A meta-analysis. 2019 Flipped classrooms 25 2,323 44 0.42
Education Tech Research development Cheng, Ritzhaupt, & Antonenko USA Effects of the flipped classroom instructional strategy on students' learning outcomes: A meta-analysis 2018 Flipped classrooms 55 7,912 115 0.19
Masters thesis Zhang Hong Kong A systematic review and meta-analysis on flipped learning in science education 2018 Flipped classrooms 28 0 28 0.42
International Journal of Nursing Studies Hu, Gao, Ye, Ni, Jiang, & Jiang China Effectiveness of flipped classrooms in Chinese baccalaureate nurse education: A meta-analysis o randomized controlled trials 2018 Flipped classrooms 11 1,180 11 1.19
American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education Gillette, Rudolph, Kimble, Rockich-Winston, Smith, & Broedel-Zaugg USA A meta-analysis of outcomes comparing flipped classrooms and Lecture 2018 Flipped classrooms 6 315 6 0.35
In EDULEARN18 Proceedings Algarni UK A meta-analysis on the effectiveness of flipped classroom in mathematics education. 2018 Flipped classrooms 34 8,598 36 0.27
Journal of Computers in Education Shi, Ma, MacLeod, & Yang China College students' cognitive learning outcomes in flipped classroom instruction: A meta-analysis of the empirical literature. 2020 Flipped classrooms 33 6,957 33 0.53
Frontiers of Nursing Liu, Li, Lei, Liu, Theobald, Meng, Liu, Zhang, & Jin China Effectiveness of the flipped classroom on the development of self-directed learning in nursing education: A meta-analysis. 2018 Flipped classrooms in nursing 12 1,440 12 1.18
Nurse Education Today Xu, Chen, Nie, Wang, Song, Li, Li, Yo, & Zhao China The effectiveness of a flipped classroom on the development of Chinese nursing students' skill competence: A systematic review and meta-analysis. 2019 Flipped classrooms 22 4,295 22 1.79
AERA Conference paper Zhu, Thompson, Suarez, & Peng China A meta-analysis on the effect of flipped instruction on K-12 students’ academic achievement 2019 Flipped classrooms 25 0 25 0.56
Educational Technology Research and Development Zhu China Is flipping effective? A meta-analysis of the effect of flipped instruction on K-12 students’ academic achievement.  2021 Flipped classrooms 27 0 53 0.54
Educational Research Review Strelan, Osborn, & Palmer Australia The flipped classroom: A meta-analysis of effects on student performance across disciplines and education levels. 2020 Flipped classrooms 174 33,678 198 0.50
The Journal of Curriculum and Evaluation Jang Korea Meta-analysis of the effects of flip learning on the development and academic performance of elementary school students 2018 Flipped classrooms 29 0 292 0.56
Education Technology & Society, Zheng, Bhagat, Zhen, & Zhang China The Effectiveness of the Flipped Classroom on Students’ Learning Achievement and Learning Motivation: A Meta-Analysis. 2020 Flipped classrooms 95 15,386 95 0.44
Educational Research Review van Alten, Phielix, D., Janssen, J., & Kester, L. Netherlands Effects of flipped the classroom on learning outcomes and satisfaction: A meta-analysis 2019 Flipped classrooms 114 0 115 0.36
AERA Open Lag & Saele Norway Does the flipped classroom improve student learning and satisfaction? A systematic review and meta-analysis 2019 Flipped classrooms 271 0 272 0.35
Journal of Education and Culture Yoon Korea A meta-analysis for effects of flipped learning on secondary school students 2018 Flipped classrooms 26 0 26 0.83
Doctoral Dissertation Sparkes Canada Flipped Classrooms versus Traditional Classrooms: A systematic review and meta-analysis of student achievement in higher education 2019 Flipped classrooms 114 0 125 0.30
TOTAL/AVERAGE 1,500 97,099 2,294 0.57

Confidence

The Confidence is the average of these four measures, each divided into five approximately equal groups and assigned a value from 1 to 5 based on the following criteria:

  • Number of Meta-analyses
    • 1 = 1
    • 2 = 2–3
    • 3 = 4–6
    • 4 = 7–9
    • 5 = 10+
  • Number of Studies
    • 1 = 1–10
    • 2 = 11–50
    • 3 = 51–200
    • 4 = 201–400
    • 5 = 400+
  • Number of Students
    • 1 = 1–2,500
    • 2 = 2,501–10,000
    • 3 = 10,000–20,000
    • 4 = 20,000–100,000
    • 5 = 100,001+
  • Number of Effects
    • 1 = 1–100
    • 2 = 101–300
    • 3 = 301–600
    • 4 = 601–1,200
    • 5 = 1,200+
Confidences
Number of Meta-Analyses Number of Studies Number of Students Number of Effects Overall Confidence
Confidence Factor 5 5 4 5 5
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