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Version 1.3 – Updated November 2024

Executive functioning

Overview

  • Influence: Executive functioning
  • Domain: Student
  • Sub-Domain: Prior knowledge and background
  • Potential to Accelerate Student Achievement: Potential to considerably accelerate
  • Influence Definition: Executive functioning include skills to not be distracted, to move back and forth between tasks or ideas, and updating and monitoring what we hold in working memory.

Evidence

  • Number of meta-analyses: 2
  • Number of studies: 314
  • Number of students: 73,552
  • Number of effects: 314
  • Weighted mean effect size: 0.62
  • Robustness index: 4

Meta-Analyses

Meta-Analyses
Journal Title Author First Author's Country Article Name Year Published Variable Number of Studies Number of Students Number of Effects Effect Size
Frontiers in Psychology Pascual, Munoz, & Robres Spain The relationship between executive functions and academic performance in primary education: Review and meta-analysis 2019 Executive functioning 21 7,947 21 0.78
Psychological bulletin Spiegel, Goodrich, Morris, Osborne, & Lonigan USA Relations between executive functions and academic outcomes in elementary school children: A meta-analysis.  2021 Executive functioning 293 65,605 293 0.61
TOTAL/AVERAGE 314 73,552 314 0.70
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