Direct instruction
Overview
- Influence: Direct instruction
- Domain: Teaching Strategies
- Sub-Domain: Instructional strategies
- Potential to Accelerate Student Achievement: Potential to considerably accelerate
- Influence Definition: Direct instruction refers to instructional approaches that are structured, sequenced, and led by teachers. Direct instruction requires teachers to: have clear learning intentions and success criteria, building a commitment and engagement among the students in the learning task; use modeling and checking for understanding in their teaching; and engage in guided practice so that every student can demonstrate his or her grasp of new learning by working through an activity or exercise under the teacher’s direct supervision.
Evidence
- Number of meta-analyses: 6
- Number of studies: 652
- Number of students: 42,618
- Number of effects: 4,691
- Effect size: 0.59
Meta-Analyses
Journal Title | Author | First Author's Country | Article Name | Year Published | Variable | Number of Studies | Number of Students | Number of Effects | Effect Size |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Education and Treatment of Children | White | USA | A meta-analysis of the effects of direct instruction in special education | 1988 | DI in special education | 25 | 0 | 24 | 0.83 |
Educational Achievement Systems | Adams & Engelmann | USA | Research on Direct Instruction: 20 Years Beyond DISTAR | 1996 | DI on reading | 37 | 0 | 372 | 0.75 |
Review of Educational Research | Borman, Hewes, Overman, & Brown | USA | Comprehensive School Reform and Student Achievement: A Meta-Analysis | 2003 | DI from Comprehensive schools reforms | 232 | 42,618 | 182 | 0.21 |
NASSP Bulletin | Haas | USA | Teaching methods for secondary algebra: a meta-analysis of findings | 2005 | DI in algebra | 10 | 0 | 19 | 0.55 |
Review of Educational Research | Stockard, Wood, & Coughlin | USA | The effectiveness of direct instruction curricula: A meta-analysis of a half century of research. | 2018 | DI | 328 | 0 | 3,999 | 0.54 |
National Institute for Direct Instruction | Coughlin | USA | Research on the Effectiveness of Direct Instruction Programs: an updated metaanalysis. | 2010 | DI | 20 | 0 | 95 | 0.66 |
TOTAL/AVERAGE | 652 | 42,618 | 4,691 | 0.59 |
Confidence
The Confidence is the average of these four measures, each divided into five approximately equal groups and assigned a value from 1 to 5 based on the following criteria:
-
Number of Meta-analyses
- 1 = 1
- 2 = 2–3
- 3 = 4–6
- 4 = 7–9
- 5 = 10+
-
Number of Studies
- 1 = 1–10
- 2 = 11–50
- 3 = 51–200
- 4 = 201–400
- 5 = 400+
-
Number of Students
- 1 = 1–2,500
- 2 = 2,501–10,000
- 3 = 10,000–20,000
- 4 = 20,000–100,000
- 5 = 100,001+
-
Number of Effects
- 1 = 1–100
- 2 = 101–300
- 3 = 301–600
- 4 = 601–1,200
- 5 = 1,200+
Number of Meta-Analyses | Number of Studies | Number of Students | Number of Effects | Overall Confidence | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Confidence Factor | 3 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 4 |