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Visible Learning™
Visible Learning MetaX
Version 1.4 – Updated February 2026

Mindfulness

Overview

  • Influence: Mindfulness
  • Domain: Student
  • Sub-Domain: Perseverance and confidence
  • Potential to Accelerate Student Achievement: Likely to have positive impact
  • Influence Definition: Programs for mindfulness - the practice of maintaining a focused, nonjudgmental awareness of the present moment to enhance clarity, calm, and well-being.

Evidence

  • Number of meta-analyses: 1
  • Number of studies: 7
  • Number of students: 4,087
  • Number of effects: 7
  • Weighted mean effect size: 0.24
  • Robustness index: 1

Meta-Analyses

Meta-Analyses
Journal Title Author Article Name Year Published Variable Number of Studies Number of Students Number of Effects Effect Size
Book Shefali & Premanand Mindful achievement: A meta-analysis of the association between mindfulness and achievement 2022 Mindfulness on achievement 7 4,087 7 0.24
TOTAL/AVERAGE 7 4,087 7 0.24
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